目的　探讨外界环境因素在系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)发病机制中的作用。方法　报道1例男性 14岁患者在接种流感病毒疫苗后触发了SLE疾病的发生 ,并对患者的一级亲属的血清进行了免疫学检测。结果　患儿父亲血清中有高滴度的抗核抗体。结论　外界环境因素如流感病毒疫苗免疫注射可能触发有内在遗传基因背景的个体发生SLE。对有SLE易感倾向的个体及SLE患者应减少非计划内免疫接种的次数 Objective To explore the role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods It was reported that a 14-year-old male patient developed the SLE disease after vaccination with the influenza virus vaccine and the serum of the first-degree relatives of the patient was immunologically tested. Results There was a high titer of antinuclear antibody in the father’s serum. Conclusion External environmental factors such as influenza virus vaccine immunization may trigger SLE in individuals with an underlying genetic background. Individuals with SLE susceptibility and SLE patients should reduce the number of unplanned immunizations