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目的探讨活体内人结直肠癌对5种化疗药物的敏感性。方法用9例结直肠癌患者的肿瘤组织建立结直肠癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,分别应用5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、奥沙利铂(LOHP)、丝裂霉素(MMC)、阿霉素(ADM)及伊立替康(CPT-11)对移植瘤进行干预治疗,观察该5种药物对裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长的影响。结果对照组裸鼠皮下移植瘤的体积明显大于其余5个化疗药物组;6组裸鼠肝肺均无转移。5种化疗药物对9例患者的裸鼠皮下移植瘤的最低和最高抑瘤率5-FU为23.6%和54.9%;LOHP为23.7%和69.5%;CPT-11为23.6%和82.6%;MMC为24.1%和48.1%;ADM为5.8%和20.7%。LOHP、CPT-11、5-FU和MMC组分别有7例、6例、4例和1例患者的裸鼠皮下移植瘤抑瘤率在40.0%以上。9例患者的移植瘤中,3种药物抑瘤率均在40.0%以上者3例,2种药物抑瘤率均在40.0%以上者4例,1例除CPT-11的抑瘤率为82.6%外,其余4种药物的抑瘤率均在30.0%以下,1例5种化疗药物的抑瘤率均在31.0%以下。5个化疗药物组抑瘤率之间的差异具有统计学意义(H=24.061 2,P=0.000 1),其中,与ADM组相比,5-FU组、MMC组、LOHP组及CPT-11组的抑瘤率较高(P<0.05),后4组之间抑瘤率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论同一结直肠癌患者的裸鼠皮下移植瘤对不同化疗药物的敏感性存在较大差异,同一种化疗药物对不同结直肠癌患者的裸鼠皮下移植瘤的抑瘤率也存在较大差异。在5种化疗药物中,LOHP和CPT-11对裸鼠皮下结直肠癌移植瘤的抑瘤率最高,其次为5-FU和MMC。
Objective To investigate the sensitivity of human colorectal cancer to 5 chemotherapeutic drugs in vivo. Methods The subcutaneous xenograft model of colorectal cancer in nude mice was established by using the tumor tissue of 9 patients with colorectal cancer. The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin (LOHP), mitomycin (MMC) (ADM) and irinotecan (CPT-11) on the xenografts. The effects of these five drugs on the growth of subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice were observed. Results The volume of subcutaneously transplanted tumor in nude mice in control group was significantly larger than that in the other 5 chemotherapeutic groups. No metastasis was found in the liver and lung of 6 nude mice. The minimum and maximum tumor inhibition rates of 5 kinds of chemotherapeutic drugs to subcutaneous tumor in nude mice of 9 patients were 23.6% and 54.9%, LOHP was 23.7% and 69.5%, CPT-11 was 23.6% and 82.6% 24.1% and 48.1% respectively; ADM was 5.8% and 20.7%. The inhibitory rates of subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice of 6, 4 and 1 patients were more than 40.0% in LOHP, CPT-11, 5-FU and MMC groups respectively. Among the 9 patients with tumor xenografts, the inhibition rates of the three drugs were above 40.0% in 3 cases, the inhibition rates of the two drugs in 40.0% were 4 cases, and the inhibition rate of 1 case except CPT-11 was 82.6 %, The remaining four kinds of drugs inhibit the tumor rates were below 30.0%, 1 cases of 5 kinds of chemotherapy drugs in tumor inhibition rates were below 31.0%. There was a significant difference between the 5 chemotherapeutic groups in tumor inhibition rate (H = 24.061 2, P = 0.000 1). Compared with ADM group, 5-FU group, MMC group, LOHP group and CPT-11 (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in inhibition rate between the 4 groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The sensitivity of subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice with the same colorectal cancer to different chemotherapeutic drugs is quite different. There is also a great difference in the inhibition rate between the same chemotherapeutic drugs and subcutaneous xenografts in different colorectal cancer patients. Of the five chemotherapeutic drugs, LOHP and CPT-11 had the highest tumor inhibition rates on nude mice with subcutaneous colorectal cancer xenografts, followed by 5-FU and MMC.