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目的了解广州市番禺区学生水痘患者家长居家隔离知识知晓情况及其影响隔离执行的因素,为学校和卫生行政部门开展水痘疫情防控提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,以番禺区政府为中心随机抽取东南西北中5个区域的镇街所上报中国疾病预防控制信息系统的796例水痘患者为调查对象,自行设计调查表进行电话调查。结果796例3~16岁学生水痘患者中,82.04%的受访者为患者父母,95.35%的患者作居家隔离治疗。被访者对“水痘患者需要执行居家隔离”的知晓率为89.07%,对居家隔离执行天数15~21 d的知晓率为20.23%。托幼组、小学组和中学组被访者对需要凭康复证明回校的知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.184,P<0.05)。75.13%的受访者首要从医生获得水痘居家隔离知识。87.69%的受访者知晓居家隔离的作用是能有效预防水痘疾病的传播。52.64%的患者在隔离期间曾外出,其中79.71%是因为复诊,以学业的需要外出在各学段间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广州市番禺区学生水痘患者居家隔离效果较好。应重视首诊医生对水痘患者居家隔离的首次宣教,强化疾病防控、学校卫生监督和基层医疗机构对水痘居家隔离的宣传和监督。
Objective To understand the knowledge of parents’ isolation at home in Panyu District, Guangzhou City and the factors influencing isolation and enforcement, so as to provide reference for schools and health administrative departments to prevent and control the epidemic of chicken pox. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 796 cases of chickenpox patients from China CDC in five towns in southeast, northwest and northwest of China from the Panyu district government as the survey center. survey. Results Of 796 cases of chickenpox patients aged 3-16 years, 82.04% of the respondents were parents of patients and 95.35% of them were treated as home isolation. The respondent’s awareness rate of “home isolation for chickenpox patients” was 89.07%, and the awareness rate of home isolation enforcement days of 15-21 days was 20.23%. There were significant differences in the awareness rate of children in child care group, primary school group and middle school group who needed to go back to school with their rehabilitation certificates (χ ~ 2 = 13.184, P <0.05). 75.13% of the respondents first obtained knowledge of home isolation of chickenpox from their doctors. 87.69% of respondents know that the function of home isolation can effectively prevent the spread of chickenpox disease. 52.64% of the patients had gone out during the isolation period, of which 79.71% were due to follow-up visits. There was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the study attendance due to academic needs. Conclusions The isolation effect of varicella patients in Panyu District of Guangzhou is better. Attention should be paid to the first missionary’s first missionary mission to prevent homepox infection in patients with chickenpox and to strengthen disease prevention and control, school health surveillance and advocacy and supervision of home-based isolation of chickenpox by primary medical institutions.