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目的:研究番茄皂苷对小鼠急性毒性以及亚急性毒性的影响,为番茄皂苷的安全性作出初步评价。方法:急性毒性实验中,以剂量1.25、2.50、5.00 g/kg对小鼠一次性灌胃给药,给药后连续观察7 d,按时记录小鼠饮食饮水量和小鼠最终死亡率。观察结束后,将小鼠解剖,取心、肝、脾、肾进行肉眼观察,计算脏器系数,大致确定毒性靶器官。亚急性毒性实验中,以剂量0.50、2.00、5.00 g/kg对小鼠灌胃给药,连续给药30 d后,进行常规的血液生化指标测定并计算主要脏器系数以及对肝脏进行组织病理学检测。结果:急性毒性实验中,3组给药小鼠未见明显毒性反应,饮食饮水量与空白组比较均没有显著性差异;整个实验过程中,小鼠无1例死亡,番茄皂苷的致死量大于5.00 g/kg;雄性高剂量组小鼠的肝脏指数与空白组比较明显增大,有统计学意义,其余脏器系数与空白组对照未见明显异常。亚急性毒性实验中,除了雄性高剂量组小鼠的肝脏系数与空白组比较存在显著性差异,其余脏器系数均无统计学意义;血液生化指标测试中,雄、雌性3组给药组的血尿素氮的含量与空白组比较均降低,有统计学意义,其他指标未见异常;肝脏病理切片结果显示,各给药组均没有明显的肝损伤作用。结论:番茄皂苷安全无毒,可放心使用。
Objective: To study the effect of tomato saponin on acute and subacute toxicity in mice and to make a preliminary assessment of the safety of tomato saponin. Methods: In acute toxicity experiment, the mice were given gavage once a day at doses of 1.25, 2.50 and 5.00 g / kg. The mice were continuously observed for 7 days after administration, and the mice drinking water and the final mortality rate were recorded on time. After the observation, the mice were dissected, coring, liver, spleen and kidney were observed macroscopically, organ coefficient was calculated, and the toxic target organs were roughly identified. In subacute toxicity experiment, the mice were intragastrically administrated with doses of 0.50, 2.00 and 5.00 g / kg for 30 days. The routine blood biochemical indexes were measured and the main organ coefficients and the histopathological effects on the liver Neutrino test. Results: In the acute toxicity experiment, there was no obvious toxic reaction in the mice in the three groups. There was no significant difference in the water intake between the diet and the blank group. In the whole experiment, none of the mice died and the lethal dose of tomato saponin was greater than 5.00 g / kg. Compared with the blank group, the liver index of the male high dose group increased significantly, which was statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the other organ coefficients and the control group. Subacute toxicity test, except for the male high-dose group of mice liver coefficient compared with the blank group there is a significant difference, the other organ coefficients were not statistically significant; blood biochemical indicators test, male and female groups of three administration groups Blood urea nitrogen content and the blank group were lower, with statistical significance, other indicators no abnormalities; liver biopsy results showed that each administration group had no significant liver injury. Conclusion: Tomato saponins safe non-toxic, can be used safely.