由三个已知三角点插求一个新点的图形,通常有以下几种。(图中 A、B、C 为已知点,P 为新点)图1,图2两种图形的严格平差通常用条件观测平差,其中角度平差较方向平差简单,而其估算精度结果则不可靠。图3,图4,常用间接观测平差,而计算较繁琐。从选点方便与否看,图1,图2常受客观条件限制,特别在三角网建立若干年后,再去插点,由于高建筑物建起,或树木长高,原通视的方向已不再通视。图3,图4则选点比较灵活,每一已知点上只要有两个任意已知点方向即可。对上述几种图形探求简便的平差计算方法和正确的进行精度估算,则具有重要的实际意义。我们在实践中探索了按图1,图2用角度平差获得方向平差结果的典型图形平差方法,并适用“等值角”改化图3,图4中固定边条件方程式,使之亦可应用上述的典型图形平差表格。 The interpolation of a new point by three known triangle points is usually done in the following ways. (A, B, C for the known point, P for the new point) Figure 1, Figure 2 strict adjustment of the two graphs usually conditional adjustment adjustment, in which the adjustment of the angle adjustment is simpler than the direction, and its estimate Accuracy results are not reliable. Figure 3, Figure 4, commonly used indirect observation adjustment, and calculation more cumbersome. From the point of choice for convenience or not, Figure 1, Figure 2 are often subject to objective conditions, especially in the establishment of the triangular network a few years later, go plug, due to the construction of tall buildings, or trees grow tall, the direction of the original viewing No longer visible. Figure 3, Figure 4 is more flexible election points, each known point as long as there is any direction of two known points can be. It is of great practical significance to explore the above simple calculation methods of the adjustment and the accurate estimation of the accuracy of the above figures. In practice, we have explored the typical pattern adjustment method to obtain the result of the adjustment of the horizontal displacement by using the angle adjustment according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and apply “equivalent angle” to modify the fixed edge conditional equation in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, So that it can also be applied to the above typical chart adjustment form.