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目的：探讨先天性结核的临床表现及实验室特点，以提高确诊率。方法：本文将近20年来我院8例经明确诊断为先天性结核的患儿，进行回顾性总结分析，如何早期诊断先天性结核。结果：主要症状包括发热，咳嗽，腹胀；体征主要包括：肝脾大，尤其是脾大，消瘦；其母亲4例诊断为结核性胸膜炎，3例诊断为肺结核，1例无任何症状（胸片正常，其父亲为肺结核）。这8例中胸片均异常，6例为粟粒状结节状阴影，4例有淋巴结病变。但是抗酸杆菌涂片及培养阳性率较低，只有25%阳性率。8例中结核菌素实验均为阴性。结论：虽然先天性肺结核早期诊断的困难，但仔细询问其母亲及家族成员的传染病史，辅以胸部CT，腹部B超可提高早期诊断率。“,”purpose:Objective to investigate the clinical manifestations and laboratory characteristics of congenital tuberculosis,In order to improve the diagnosis rate.Method:In the past 20 years, a total of 8 children with congenital tuberculosis were diagnosed in our hospital,Retrospective summary analysis,Early diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis.Result:The main symptoms include fever,cough,Abdominal distention;Signs mainly include:Hepatosplenomegaly,Especialy splenomegaly,Emaciation;The mother of 4 cases diagnosed as tuberculous pleurisy,3 cases were diagnosed as tuberculosis,1 cases without any symptoms(Chest X-ray was normal, and his father was pulmonary tuberculosis).Chest radiography was abnormal in 8 cases,6 cases of miliary nodular shadows,4 cases had lymph node disease.But the acid fast bacili smear and culture positive rate is low,Only 25% positive rate.In 8 cases of tuberculin tests were negative.Conclusion:Although the difficulty of early diagnosis of congenital pulmonary tuberculosis,But a careful inquiry into the history of infection of his mother and family members,Supplemented by chest CT,Abdominal ultrasonography can improve the early diagnosis rate.