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目的:优选超声波辅助双水相体系提取竹叶椒总生物碱的工艺条件。方法:采用超声波辅助丙醇-硫酸铵双水相体系提取竹叶椒总生物碱,选择提取时间、醇水质量比和盐用量为自变量,总生物碱提取率为因变量,通过三因素三水平的响应面试验优选提取工艺。结果:最佳提取工艺为提取时间40 min,醇水质量比0.5∶1,盐用量7.79 g;总生物碱提取率1.704%,与模型预测值(1.711%)偏差很小,纯度19.8%。结论:超声波辅助双水相体系法提取总生物碱具有效率高、纯度高的特点,可避免不稳定或易变性的生物活性分子变性。
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the conditions for the extraction of total alkaloids from the leaves of Vaccinium fortunei by ultrasonic-assisted aqueous two-phase system. Methods: Total alkaloids were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted aqueous two-phase system of propanol-ammonium sulfate. The extraction time, alcohol-water mass ratio and salt dosage were used as independent variables. The total alkaloid extraction rate was taken as the dependent variable. The horizontal response surface test optimizes the extraction process. Results: The optimal extraction time was 40 min, the mass ratio of alcohol to water was 0.5:1, the amount of salt was 7.79 g, the total alkaloid extraction rate was 1.704%, and the deviation from the model predictive value was 1.711%. The purity was 19.8%. Conclusion: The method of ultrasonic-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction of total alkaloids is characterized by high efficiency and high purity, which can avoid instability or variability of bioactive molecules.