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目的分析许昌市流行性感冒监测结果,了解流感流行特征及毒株的型别分布,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统收集许昌市流感及流感样病例(ILI)监测资料,对其流行病学、病原学进行分析。采用狗肾传代细胞(MDCD)对流感病毒进行培养,对分离到的毒株采用血凝抑制实验进行型别和亚型鉴定。结果许昌市2011年-2013年ILI全年均有病例发生,ILI%呈上升趋势,就诊高峰出现在12月份至次年3月份;人群分布主要集中在≤15岁年龄组,占66.81%(24 915/37 291);在1 219份ILI标本中核酸阳性检出率为11.48%。77份核酸阳性标本中分离到流感病毒38株,病毒分离阳性率为49.35%。结论许昌市流感病毒活动高峰在冬季和春季,流行有明显的季节性,甲3亚型和B型病毒为主要流行株,须加强监测与防控。
Objective To analyze the surveillance results of influenza in Xuchang City and understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza and the type distribution of strains so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods The surveillance data of influenza and influenza-like illness (ILI) in Xuchang City were collected from China Influenza Surveillance Information System, and their epidemiology and etiology were analyzed. The use of canine kidney cell line (MDCD) for influenza virus culture, the strains isolated by hemagglutination inhibition test for type and subtype identification. Results From 1986 to 2013, all cases of ILI occurred in ILI from 1986 to 2013, and the ILI% showed an upward trend. The peak appeared in December and March of the following year. The population distribution mainly concentrated in the age group of ≤15, accounting for 66.81% (24 915/37 291). Of the 1 219 ILI specimens, the positive rate of nucleic acid was 11.48%. Of the 77 samples positive for nucleic acid, 38 strains of influenza viruses were isolated. The positive rate of virus isolation was 49.35%. Conclusions The peak of influenza virus activity in Xuchang City is obvious in winter and spring. The prevalence of influenza virus in Xuchang City is mainly seasonal, and subtype A and B viruses are the main epidemic strains. Monitoring, prevention and control should be strengthened.