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目的对淄博市2011年-2014年流感病毒分离情况进行分析,为流感的防控提供科学依据。方法采集流感样病例咽拭子标本,接种于狗肾细胞系(MDCK)进行流感病毒分离,病毒分离液采用血凝抑制试验(HI)进行流感病毒的型别鉴定。结果 2011年-2014年共检测流感样病例标本4 182份,分离到流感毒株504株,阳性率为12.05%,其中新甲型H1N1亚型49株,H3N2亚型264株,BV型95株,BY型96株。H3N2亚型分离率从2012年开始逐年升高,并逐渐成为2013年和2014年的优势株。B型病毒在2011年和2012年均为优势株,以BV为主,但在2013年和2014年以BY型为主,且优势地位被H3N2取代。流感病毒在每年11月-次年3月分离率较高,且在5岁~和15岁~年龄组的分离率最高。结论本市流感病毒主要流行于冬春季节;2011年和2013年病毒活动较为平稳,2012年和2014年病毒相对活跃;H3N2亚型病毒的流行呈逐年上升趋势。
Objective To analyze the influenza virus isolation in Zibo City from 2011 to 2014, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods Throat swab samples from influenza-like cases were collected and inoculated into the canine kidney cell line (MDCK) for influenza virus isolation. The virus isolates were identified by HI using the hemagglutination inhibition test. Results A total of 4 182 samples of influenza-like illness were detected in 2011-2014. 504 influenza strains were isolated and the positive rate was 12.05%. Among them, 49 strains were new type A H1N1, 264 type H3N2 and 95 type BV , BY type 96 strains. H3N2 subtype separation rate increased year by year since 2012, and gradually become the dominant strain in 2013 and 2014. Type B virus was the predominant strain in 2011 and 2012, with BV being the main type, but mainly BY type in 2013 and 2014, and its dominant position was replaced by H3N2. The influenza virus has a high separation rate from November to March of each year, and has the highest isolation rate in the 5-year-olds and the 15-year-olds. Conclusion The influenza viruses of this city mainly prevailed in winter and spring. In 2011 and 2013, the virus activity was relatively stable. The virus was relatively active in 2012 and 2014. The prevalence of H3N2 subtype viruses showed an increasing trend year by year.