以川油36、华海油1号为供试材料,以全人工收获为对照,分析脱粒机分段收获、机械联合收获对油菜收获损失率、菜子含油量及种植效益的影响。结果表明,两个品种不同收获方式的总损失率均表现为机械联合收获>脱粒机分段收获>全人工收获;两个品种全人工收获均以田间晾晒损失率最大,占总损失量的95%以上,脱粒机分段收获均以脱粒损失率最大,占总损失量的70%以上;机械联合收获均以自然脱粒损失率最小,但川油36以割台总损失率最大,占总损失的66.80%,华海油1号以清选、脱粒总损失率最大,占总损失的56.79%。机械联合收获降低了两个品种油菜子含油量,但种植效益均表现为机械联合收获>脱粒机分段收获>全人工收获。因此,在成都平原等适合大型机具操作的区域及田块,收获方式应首先考虑机械联合收获;在丘陵山区及部分不适合大型机具田间操作的小田块,可考虑选取小型油菜脱粒机进行分段收获。 Taking Chuanyou 36 and Huayouyou 1 as tested materials and the whole artificial harvest as the control, the effect of the threshing machine segment harvesting and mechanical union harvest on the rape harvest loss rate, rapeseed oil content and planting benefit was analyzed. The results showed that the total loss rate of two harvesting methods was mechanical combined harvesting> partial harvesting of thresher> full artificial harvesting. The total dry loss rate of the two cultivars was the highest, accounting for 95% of the total loss %, The threshing machine segmented harvest threshing loss rate is the largest, accounting for more than 70% of the total loss; mechanical combination harvest the smallest natural threshing loss rate, but Chuanyou 36 to header the total loss rate of the largest, accounting for the total loss Of 66.80%, Huahai Oil 1 to clear the election, the largest total loss of threshing, accounting for 56.79% of the total loss. Mechanical harvesting reduced the oil content of two varieties of rapeseed, but the planting efficiency showed mechanical combined harvesting> threshing machine harvesting> artificial harvesting. Therefore, in areas such as Chengdu Plain that are suitable for the operation of large-scale machinery and plots, harvesting should first consider the mechanical harvesting; in the hilly and mountainous areas and some small-sized plots that are not suitable for large-scale farm machinery operations, small rape threshers may be selected for segmenting reward.