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通过探索性空间数据分析方法对中国31个省(市、自治区)环境污染的空间相关性及集聚效应进行检验,研究证实我国各省域环境污染存在显著的空间自相关和空间集聚效应。在此基础上,构建空间计量模型分析中国经济增长、产业结构对环境污染的影响。研究结果表明,中国各省域环境污染存在空间依赖作用和正向空间溢出效应。环境污染与人均GDP之间呈现只有一个拐点的“倒N型”曲线关系。产业结构与环境污染存在显著的正相关关系,产业结构优化调整有助于降低环境污染。
The spatial correlation and agglomeration effects of environmental pollution in 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China were tested by exploratory spatial data analysis. The study proves that there are significant spatial autocorrelation and spatial agglomeration effects of environmental pollution in all provinces of China. On this basis, we construct a spatial econometric model to analyze the impact of China’s economic growth and industrial structure on environmental pollution. The results show that there is spatial dependence and positive spillover effect of environmental pollution in all provinces in China. Environmental pollution and per capita GDP showed only one inflection point between the “inverted N type” curve. There is a significant positive correlation between industrial structure and environmental pollution, and the optimization and adjustment of industrial structure can help to reduce environmental pollution.