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俄罗斯装备有两种类型的主战坦克——安装燃气轮机的T-80(T-80U)坦克和安装柴油发动机的T-90坦克。这两种坦克有基本相同的战斗质量和外形尺寸,在战术技术性能上也有许多相似之处,但是在结构上却有明显的差别。T-80坦克的研制者声称:该车是俄罗斯21世纪坦克中最具特质和性能最优良的坦克。2008年2月3日,俄罗斯坦克制造工业的卓越活动家、开放型股份公司“特种车辆”设计局总设计师波波夫与世长辞。他的名字与研制和完善安装燃气轮机的T-80(T-80U)主战坦克紧密地联系在一起。他具有天才的组织能力和德高望重的威信,他成功地与以克利莫夫名字命名的工厂试验设计局的发动机制造者、俄罗斯数十个生产企业和科研机构一起,研制出了坦克燃气轮动力装置,这种燃气轮机在技术性能上优于美国“艾布拉姆斯”主战坦克上安装的燃气轮机。近几年来,在俄罗斯大众媒体和学术刊物上对柴油发动机型坦克和燃气轮机型坦克的优缺点展开了激烈的争论,有些言语达到了互相攻击、水火不容的程度。本文主要介绍柴油机型坦克的拥护者——俄罗斯国营乌拉尔运输车辆制造厂设计局瓦维隆斯基、库拉克萨和涅沃林的观点。他们的观点涉及内容广泛,分析也算有理有据,正确与否本文不作过多评论。由于文章较长,本刊分期连载,以供读者研究参考。
Russia is equipped with two types of main battle tanks - a T-80 (T-80U) tank with a gas turbine and a T-90 tank with a diesel engine. These two tanks have the same basic fighting quality and dimensions, there are many similarities in tactical and technical performance, but there are significant structural differences. Developers of T-80 tanks claim that the car is one of the most distinctive and superior tanks in Russia’s 21st century tank. February 3, 2008, Russia’s tank manufacturing industry activist, open-ended joint stock company “special vehicles ” chief designer Popov survived. His name is closely linked with the development and improvement of T-80 (T-80U) main battle tanks with gas turbines. With genius organization and high prestige, he succeeded in developing a tank gas turbine power plant with engine manufacturers from the Factory Experimental Design Bureau named after Klimov, and dozens of manufacturing and research institutions in Russia. This gas turbine is technically superior to the gas turbine installed on the U.S. Abrams main battle tank. In recent years, heated discussions have been held on the advantages and disadvantages of diesel-powered tankers and gas-turbine tankers in the Russian mass media and academic journals. Some have reached the level of mutual aggression that is precarious. This article focuses on the views of the advocates of diesel-powered tanks - the design bureau of Russian state-owned Ural transport vehicles Vawlonski, Kuraksa and Nevalem. Their views on a wide range of content, the analysis is also considered valid, correct or not this article does not make too many comments. As the article is longer, the series serialized, for readers to study and reference.