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目的分析宁波市江东区手足口病(Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)轻症病例病原学特征。方法对2011-2015年宁波市江东区391例HFMD轻症临床诊断病例进行个案调查,并采集粪便标本开展肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)检测。结果 391份HFMD轻症病例EV阳性率为77.75%(304/391),其中肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus71,EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsakievirus A16,CA16)、EV71和CA16、其他EV阳性率分别为18.67%、19.95%、0.77%、38.36%(x~2=101.43,P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析发现,有与HFMD病例接触史、发病0-5d采样、第2季度发病的病例EV阳性率高,分别为93.83%、80.06%、90.67%。结论江东区HFMD优势病毒不断发生变化,应针对不同病原体、重点人群采取HFMD防控措施。
Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of mild cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Jiangdong District of Ningbo City. Methods A case-by-case survey of 391 mild-to-moderate HFMD cases diagnosed in 2011-2015 in Jiangdong District of Ningbo City was conducted. Stool specimens were collected for Enterovirus (EV) detection. Results The positive rate of EV in 77 mild cases of HFMD was 77.75% (304/391), including Enterovirus 71 (EV71), Coxsakievirus A16 (CA16), EV71 and CA16, The positive rates of other EVs were 18.67%, 19.95%, 0.77% and 38.36%, respectively (x ~ 2 = 101.43, P <0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a history of exposure to HFMD cases, with incidence of 0-5d and the positive rate of EV in the second quarter was 93.83%, 80.06% and 90.67% respectively. Conclusion HFMD predominant viruses in Jiangdong district keep changing. HFMD prevention and control measures should be taken for different pathogens and key populations.