居民对能源的消费分为两方面:一方面是通过消费拉动生产而产生的间接消费,另一方面是对生活能源的直接消费。本文通过2007年投入产出表计算居民消费对各部门的生产诱发系数,以及各部门能源完全消耗系数,发现我国居民消费结构诱发了能源完全消耗系数较高部门的生产。在能源直接消费方面,对经过平稳化处理的1980~2010年的居民能源消费时间序列数据进行协整检验,发现居民生活能源消费水平与居民收入变化有长期稳定的协整关系。其中,城镇居民的收入水平提高有利于节约能源,农村居民收入水平提高却增加生活能源消费量。在基尼系数的作用下,收入提高对城乡居民生活能源消费的作用均被不同程度地削弱。 Residents’ energy consumption is divided into two aspects: on the one hand, indirect consumption generated through consumption-led production and on the other hand, direct consumption of energy of life. In this paper, through the input-output table in 2007, the production-induced coefficient of household consumption to various departments and the coefficient of total energy consumption of each department are calculated. It is found that the consumption structure of our country induced the production of sectors with high coefficient of complete energy consumption. In terms of direct energy consumption, co-integration tests were conducted on the stabilized time-series data of household energy consumption from 1980 to 2010 and found that there was a long-term and stable cointegration relationship between residents’ living energy consumption level and resident income. Among them, the increase of urban residents income level is conducive to energy conservation, rural residents increased income but increased energy consumption of life. Under the influence of the Gini coefficient, the effect of income increase on the energy consumption of living in urban and rural areas has been weakened to varying degrees.