目的:对37例亚低温治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)进行临床观察,评价亚低温治疗HIE的安全性。方法:将70例诊断为中重度HIE患儿分为治疗组37例和对照组33例,两组均予以对症支持治疗,治疗组同时进行亚低温治疗,维持肛温在33℃~34℃,持续48~72 h,治疗过程中监测患儿心率及呼吸,并监测新生儿治疗前后凝血功能、感染指标。结果:两组均未发生呼吸抑制、心律失常、严重出血,治疗组患儿随着体温下降,心率下降,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组患儿在治疗前后呼吸功能、凝血功能、感染指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组16.2%患儿出现轻度皮肤硬肿,复温后恢复良好。结论:良好的亚低温管理治疗HIE不会出现严重不良反应,治疗是安全有效的。 Objective: To evaluate the safety of mild hypothermia in the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in 37 hypoxic-hypothermia neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods: Seventy patients diagnosed as moderate and severe HIE were divided into treatment group (n = 37) and control group (n = 33). Both groups were given symptomatic supportive treatment. The treatment group was treated with mild hypothermia at the same time. The rectal temperature maintained at 33 ℃ ~ 34 ℃, Continued 48 ~ 72 h, monitoring the process of heart rate and respiration in children, and monitoring of neonatal blood coagulation function before and after treatment, indicators of infection. Results: Respiratory depression, arrhythmia and severe hemorrhage did not occur in both groups. There was significant difference between the treatment group and the control group (P <0.01) as the body temperature decreased and heart rate decreased. There were no significant differences in respiratory function, coagulation function and infection index (P> 0.05). 16.2% of children in the treatment group had mild dermal edema and recovered well after rewarming. Conclusions: Good hypothermia management does not cause serious adverse reactions to HIE, so the treatment is safe and effective.