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【目的】分析柳州市2003-2011年5岁以下儿童死亡率和死亡原因,寻找儿童死亡变化的趋势与规律,为降低5岁以下儿童死亡率干预措施提供理论依据。【方法】对柳州市辖六县、四区2003-2011年5岁以下6 071例儿童死亡监测资料进行回顾性分析。【结果】9年监测资料显示,新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率下降速度均较快。2011年新生儿死亡率为4.58‰,婴儿死亡率7.43‰,5岁以下儿童死亡率9.91‰,与2003年相比,新生儿死亡率下降了6.91%,婴儿死亡率下降了9.73%,5岁以下儿童死亡率下降了10.57%。5岁以下儿童死亡前5位死因顺位依次为:早产/低体重、先天性心脏病、出生窒息、先天异常、意外死亡。【结论】加强对基层妇幼保健人员新生儿复苏等适宜技术培训,大力宣传与指导孕期保健知识,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的有力措施,减少出生缺陷的发生,提高人口素质的有力措施。
【Objective】 To analyze the mortality and causes of death among children under 5 years of age in 2003-20011 in Liuzhou and to find out the trends and laws of the changes of children’s death and provide the theoretical basis for reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years old. 【Methods】 The data of 671 cases of death under 5 years old from 2003 to 2011 in six counties governed by Liuzhou were retrospectively analyzed. 【Results】 Nine years of monitoring data showed that the mortality rate of newborns, infants and children under 5 decreased rapidly. In 2011, the neonatal mortality rate was 4.58 ‰, the infant mortality rate was 7.43 ‰, and the death rate for children under 5 years old was 9.91 ‰. Compared with 2003, the neonatal mortality rate decreased by 6.91% and the infant mortality rate decreased by 9.73% and 5 years The following child mortality rate decreased by 10.57%. The top 5 causes of death among children under 5 years of age were: premature birth / low birth weight, congenital heart disease, birth asphyxia, congenital abnormalities and accidental death. 【Conclusion】 The training of appropriate technical training on newborn resuscitation of grass-roots maternal and child health workers and other appropriate technical trainings are vigorously promoted. Guidance and knowledge on prenatal care is a strong measure to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age, reduce the incidence of birth defects and improve the population quality.