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[目的]了解河北省某县饮用水硝酸盐污染状况。[方法]采取分层随机抽样的方法在该县13个乡(镇)抽取100个监测点,采用统一的调查表对监测点的水源类型、供水方式、水源污染状况及覆盖人口等进行调查,在2012年枯水期(5月)和丰水期(7月)采集检测354份水样,按照GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行评价。[结果]该县饮用水硝酸盐含量平均值为18.32mg/L,31.64%水样硝酸盐含量超过规定限值(20mg/L);枯水期出厂水、末梢水硝酸盐含量高于丰水期;枯水期出厂水硝酸盐超标率高于丰水期(P<0.05);集中式供水出厂水和末梢水硝酸盐含量低于用户储存水(P<0.05);用户储存水(分散式供水)硝酸盐超标率高于末梢水和出厂水(P<0.05);上寨乡饮用水硝酸盐超标率最高(100.00%),其次为白鹿泉乡(66.66%),上庄镇未超标;丰水期实施饮水安全工程的饮用水硝酸盐含量、硝酸盐超标率低于尚未实施的(P<0.05)。[结论]该县饮用水硝酸盐污染较重,应加强含氮有机物的污染治理。
[Objective] To understand the status of nitrate pollution in drinking water in a county in Hebei Province. [Methods] Stratified random sampling method was used to select 100 monitoring points in 13 townships (towns) of the county and investigated the water source type, water supply method, water pollution status and population coverage of the monitoring points with a unified questionnaire. A total of 354 water samples were collected during the dry season (May) and wet season (July) in 2012, and evaluated in accordance with GB 5749-2006, “Sanitary Standards for Domestic Drinking Water”. [Result] The average nitrate content of drinking water in this county was 18.32mg / L, the nitrate content of 31.64% water samples exceeded the prescribed limit (20mg / L); the nitrate content in the tap water and the peripheral water in dry season was higher than that in wet season; The nitrate excess in factory water in dry season was higher than that in wet season (P <0.05). The nitrate content in factory water and peripheral water in centralized water supply was lower than that in user storage water (P <0.05) The exceeding standard rate was higher than that of the peripheral water and the factory water (P <0.05). The exceeding standard rate of nitrate in Shangzhai Township was the highest (100.00%), followed by Bailuquan Township (66.66%), Shangzhuang Town The nitrate content and nitrate excess of the drinking water in the project were lower than those not yet implemented (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The drinking water nitrate pollution in this county is heavy, so it should strengthen the pollution control of nitrogenous organic matter.