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1 目前,在鸭梨生产上普遍存在大小年现象,影响鸭梨的优质、丰产、稳产。造成这个问题的原因是多方面的,其中一个重要的原因就是营养物质的分配。据我们观察,无论是十多年生的小梨树,或是四、五十年生的大梨树,大年时,只需有10％左右的花能最终结果,就可以实现优质丰产,而大量花芽的萌发、开花、座果要消耗大量的养分;同时,大部分的花朵和幼果在花后不久就落掉,这些养分都白白地浪费掉了;就是在授粉、受精良好的情况下,梨树上自然保留下来的果实,其数量往往也比丰产的需要量多得多,如果全部或大部分保留到成熟,则由于树
1 At present, there are widespread size-year phenomena in pear production, affecting the quality, yield and stability of pear. There are many reasons for this problem. One of the important reasons is the distribution of nutrients. According to our observation, whether it is a peony tree more than ten years old, or a big pear tree aged from 40 to 50 years, in the big year, only about 10% of the flowers can achieve the final result with high yield and plenty of flower buds Germination, flowering, fruit to consume a lot of nutrients; the same time, most of the flowers and young fruits fall soon after the flower, these nutrients are wasted; in the case of pollination, fertilization, pear Naturally preserved fruit is often much more abundant than it is abundant, and if all or most of the fruit remains mature,