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背景介绍：１９８８年至１９９２年，卫生部组织全国各省市共同实施国家“七五”重点科技攻关课题《中国出生缺陷监测》。山西省１１个地（市）及５个县的２５所医院、妇幼保健院参加了监测。结果显示：全国新生儿出生缺陷总发生率为９９．６２／万，其中神经管略形发生率为２３．９６／万，位居世界第一，被称为世界出生缺陷的“珠穆朗玛峰”；山西省新生儿出生缺陷率高达１８９．８６／万，其中神经管略形发生率为１０２．２７／万，又位居全国之首，被称为珠峰的“峰顶”。据山西省１９９７年所做的出生缺陷回顾调查，出生缺陷总发生率１８６．４８／万，神经管畸形发生率 ９７．９７／万，仍与卫生部监测结果不相上下。
Background: From 1988 to 1992, the Ministry of Health organized all provinces and municipalities in China to jointly implement the “National Birth Defects Monitoring”, a key scientific and technological project for the national “Seventh Five-Year Plan”. 25 hospitals in 11 prefectures (cities) and 5 counties in Shanxi Province and MCH participated in the monitoring. The results showed that the total incidence of birth defects in newborn was 99.62 / million, of which the incidence of neural tube defects was 23.96 / million, ranking first in the world. It was also called “Everest” of birth defects in the world. The birth defect rate of newborns in Shanxi Province was as high as 189.86 / million, of which the incidence of neural tube defects was 102.27 / million, ranking first in the country and called the “peak” of Mount Everest. According to a survey of birth defects reviewed by Shanxi Province in 1997, the total incidence of birth defects was 186.48 / million, and the incidence of neural tube defects was 97.97 / million, which is still in line with that of the Ministry of Health.