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目的:探讨绝经前女性胸痛患者冠心病的临床特点、危险因素、冠状动脉造影特点,为女性冠心病的预防和治疗提供依据。方法:因胸痛入院行冠状动脉造影检查女性132例,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组(61例)和对照组(71例),比较2组临床症状、危险因素、冠状动脉造影特点。结果:冠心病组合并原发性高血压31例(50.8%),糖尿病25例(40.9%),二者同时存在18例(29.5%)。对照组合并原发性高血压15例(21.1%),糖尿病8例(11.2%),二者同时存在2例(2.8%)。2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。冠状动脉造影结果显示冠心病组单支病变29例(47.5%),双支病变22例(36.2%),3支病变10例(16.3%)。结论:高血压、糖尿病是绝经前女性最重要的冠心病危险因素;冠状动脉造影检查是具有冠心病易患因素的女性胸痛患者的重要检查。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features, risk factors and coronary angiography of coronary heart disease in premenopausal women with chest pain and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease in women. Methods: 132 female patients underwent coronary angiography for chest pain were divided into coronary heart disease group (61 cases) and control group (71 cases) according to coronary angiography results. The clinical symptoms, risk factors and coronary angiography were compared between the two groups. Results: There were 31 cases (50.8%) with coronary heart disease and 25 cases (40.9%) with diabetes mellitus. There were 18 cases (29.5%) with coronary heart disease. In control group, 15 cases (21.1%) had primary hypertension and 8 cases (11.2%) had diabetes mellitus, both of which had 2 cases (2.8%) at the same time. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Coronary angiography showed that coronary artery disease in 29 patients (47.5%), double-vessel disease in 22 cases (36.2%), 3 lesions in 10 cases (16.3%). Conclusion: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the most important coronary risk factors in premenopausal women. Coronary angiography is an important examination of women with chest pain who are susceptible to coronary heart disease.