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急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)是一种特殊类型急性髓系白血病,即英、法、美(France Ameri-ca British,FAB)分型的M3,其细胞遗传学特征为t(15;17)q(22;11 22)形成(早幼粒细胞白血病基因/维甲酸受体a基因,即PML/RARa)融合基因,临床上表现为发病急,病情重,出血倾向较明显,由于本身特殊的生物学及临床特点,用针对于其他类型急性髓系白血病的一般化疗,疗效差,并且容易引起弥漫性血管内凝血,但是,自从全反式维甲酸、砷剂的出现,使APL的预后有了较大的改观。
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a special type of acute myeloid leukemia, M3 that is classified as FAB by France, France, the cytogenetic characteristics of t (15; 17 ) (22; 11 22) formed (promyelocytic leukemia gene / retinoic acid receptor a gene, PML / RARa) fusion gene, the clinical manifestations of acute onset, severe illness, bleeding tendency is obvious, due to its special Biological and clinical features, with general chemotherapy for other types of acute myeloid leukemia, poor efficacy, and easily lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation, but since the advent of all-trans retinoic acid, arsenic agents, so that the prognosis of APL Have a greater change.