论文部分内容阅读
对若干个跨棉区多年的品种试验结果进行研究分析,发现棉花铃重、绒长、衣分及子指四项重要经济性状在西北内陆、长江流域和黄河流域三大棉区表现明显的差异;在西北内陆棉区铃重、绒长、衣分及子指都表现最高;长江流域棉区绒较长,衣分较高,但铃重轻;黄河流域棉区铃重较重,但绒长和衣分均较差。经分析看出:西北内陆棉区具有热量资源丰富,太阳辐射强,光照充足,昼夜温差大,并且可以人工灌溉等良好生态条件,十分有利于棉铃、种子和纤维的发育。因此可以考虑选择适宜区域(南疆一带)发展棉花生产;长江流域棉区具有温度较高,雨量充沛,棉田土壤肥力较好的条件,有利于纤维增长和衣分提高;黄河流域棉区的光照条件较好,昼夜温差较大,雨量适中,比较有利棉铃增大及种子的发育。鉴于这些性状在不同棉区表现的差异,在跨区引种时对此应予以充分考虑和估计;在确定育种目标和良种繁育选择标准时,不同棉区都应有相应的差别;在耕作栽培措施上应针对本棉区生态特点,扬长避短,发挥优势,使之达到高产优质的要求。
A number of varieties across the cotton area test results for many years to study and found that boll weight, cashmere length, lint percentage and four major economic traits in the inland of the northwest, the Yangtze River and the Yellow River three cotton significant performance Difference; the boll weight, cashmere length, lint percentage and sub-index all showed the highest in the inland cotton fields in the northwest of China; the cotton velvet in the Yangtze River valley was longer, the lint percentage was higher but the boll weight was lighter; the cotton boll weight in the Yellow River Basin was heavier, However, velvet length and clothing points are poor. The analysis shows that the inland cotton area of northwest China is very conducive to the development of cotton bolls, seeds and fibers with the advantages of abundant heat resources, strong solar radiation, adequate illumination, large temperature difference between day and night, and artificial irrigation. Therefore, we can consider the appropriate area (South Xinjiang area) to develop cotton production; the Yangtze River Basin cotton area has a higher temperature, abundant rainfall, cotton soil fertility conditions better fiber is conducive to the growth and lint increase; the Yellow River cotton area light Better conditions, a larger temperature difference between day and night, moderate rainfall, more favorable boll growth and seed development. In view of the differences in the performance of these traits in different cotton areas, this should be fully considered and estimated at the time of cross-cutting introduction. Different cotton areas should have corresponding differences in determining the breeding target and breeding selection criteria; The ecological characteristics of the cotton area should be focused on strengths and circumvent weaknesses and give play to advantages so as to achieve the requirements of high yield and good quality.