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目的了解新会区铅接触工人血铅和血锌原卟啉(ZPP)水平。方法选择新会区2家蓄电池厂253名铅作业人员作为研究对象,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅,用ZPP-3800型血液锌原卟啉测定仪测定ZPP,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定作业车间空气中的铅烟及铅尘的浓度。结果 A蓄电池厂空气中铅烟和铅尘含量不超标,铅作业工人血铅浓度平均值为223.9 g/L±86.31 g/L,ZPP浓度平均值为1.43 mol/L±0.47 mol/L;B蓄电池厂空气中铅烟和铅尘含量超标率分别为20%和30%,铅作业工人血铅浓度平均值为323.17 g/L±96.77 g/L,ZPP浓度平均值为1.80 mol/L±0.60 mol/L;两蓄电池厂铅作业人员血铅和ZPP检测的超标率差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.95、14.85,P<0.05);两厂男性和女性铅作业工人Pb B浓度与ZPP浓度均存在相关性(r值分别为0.970、0.929,P<0.01)。结论建议铅作业工厂改进生产工艺,改良作业场所的工作环境,对铅作业工人进行定期职业健康体检。
Objective To understand the levels of lead and zinc-porphyrin (ZPP) in lead-exposed workers in Xinhui District. Methods A total of 253 lead workers from two battery factories in Xinhui District were selected as experimental subjects. Blood lead level was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. ZPP was measured by ZPP-3800 blood zinc protoporphyrin analyzer. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry Concentration of lead smoke and lead dust in the air of the work shop. Results The content of lead and lead dust in the air of A battery factory did not exceed the standard. The average blood lead level of lead workers was 223.9 g / L ± 86.31 g / L and the average concentration of ZPP was 1.43 mol / L ± 0.47 mol / L. The over-standard rates of lead smoke and lead dust in the air of battery factory were 20% and 30% respectively. The lead blood lead concentration of lead workers was 323.17 g / L ± 96.77 g / L and the average concentration of ZPP was 1.80 mol / L ± 0.60 mol / L; Pb and Pb concentrations in blood lead and ZPP in two lead acid battery factory workers were significantly different (χ2 = 5.95,14.85, P <0.05, respectively); Pb and Pb Concentration (r values were 0.970, 0.929, P <0.01). Conclusion It is suggested that the lead operation factory should improve the production technology, improve the working environment of the working place, and conduct regular occupational health examination for the lead workers.