为了深入探讨土壤结皮对侵蚀的影响机制以及两者之间的关系,以10°坡为例,在变流量(1.0,1.4,2.0,2.4和2.8 L/min)条件下进行室内冲刷试验,研究土壤结皮坡面径流水动力学特征(平均流速、平均径流深度、雷诺数、水流剪切力、水流功率、阻力系数)并分析坡面流水动力学参数与土壤侵蚀量的关系。结果表明,土壤结皮对坡面流水动力学参数影响显著。土壤结皮坡面雷诺数始终小于500,坡面流流态为层流;土壤结皮坡面具有较大坡面流流速,较小径流深度、水流剪切力和水流功率。结皮坡面的土壤侵蚀量明显低于无结皮坡面的土壤侵蚀量。土壤侵蚀量与坡面水动力学参数相关关系显著(相关系数R>0.90),土壤侵蚀量与雷诺数呈线性正相关,与水流剪切力、水流功率的对数呈线性正相关,与阻力系数呈线性负相关。因此,在本研究中,单纯从径流冲刷侵蚀的角度土壤结皮的存在有利于减小坡面土壤侵蚀量。由于降雨因素对土壤结皮的侵蚀效应影响较大,将雨滴打击与径流冲刷相结合才能更好地研究土壤结皮对侵蚀的影响机制。 In order to further investigate the mechanism of soil crust erosion and the relationship between them, taking 10 ° slope as an example, indoor scouring test was carried out at variable flow rates (1.0, 1.4, 2.0, 2.4 and 2.8 L / min) The runoff hydrodynamic characteristics (average flow velocity, average runoff depth, Reynolds number, water flow shear force, water flow power, drag coefficient) of soil crust slope runoff were studied and the relationship between runoff hydrodynamic parameters and soil erosion was analyzed. The results showed that soil crust had a significant effect on the hydrodynamic parameters of slope. The Reynolds number of soil crust slope is always less than 500, and the slope flow regime is laminar flow. The soil crust slope has larger slope flow velocity, smaller runoff depth, water flow shear force and water flow power. The amount of soil erosion on the crust slope was significantly lower than that on the non-crust slope. The correlation between soil erosion and slope hydrodynamic parameters was significant (correlation coefficient R> 0.90). Soil erosion was positively correlated with Reynolds number and positively correlated with the logarithm of water flow shear and water flow power, The coefficients are linearly negatively correlated. Therefore, in this study, the existence of soil crust from the perspective of runoff erosion erosion is conducive to reducing the amount of soil erosion on the slope. Due to the influence of rainfall on soil crust erosion, the combination of raindrop and runoff scouring can better study the mechanism of soil crust erosion.