每一个从事改进太阳电池或检验光子探测器的量子效率的人都需要一个标定过的辐射计作为标准。这样的标准可以是市场上能买到的、标定过的光量子探测器或热探测器。但这些探测器必需由这样的辐射计来定标,即这些辐射计的灵敏度通过测量和计算可以用很高的准确度来确定。我们把这些辐射计称为标准。对于辐射功率为1毫瓦的范围的 Everyone who is engaged in improving the solar cell or verifying the quantum efficiency of a photon detector needs a calibrated radiometer as a standard. Such a standard can be a commercially available, calibrated photon detector or heat detector. However, these detectors must be calibrated by a radiometer whose sensitivity can be determined with high accuracy through measurement and calculation. We call these radiometers the standard. For a range of radiated power of 1 milliwatt