任何封建国家政权的存在和运行,都必须有足够的物质保证。宋朝政府为了保证其庞大的财政军事需求,除了在赋税,禁榷专卖等方面加强搜刮剥削外,还经常地大规模地从民间购买各种物资,而军需粮草,是购买的大宗。这种现象前代早已出现,但宋代市籴规模之大,数量之巨、时间之长,则是以前任何一个朝代所不能比拟的。我国和日本学者曾对宋朝市籴中的“和籴”、“入中”等问题做过很多研究,创见颇丰,但没有注意区分其中不同的交易 The existence and operation of any feudal state power must have sufficient material guarantees. In order to ensure its huge fiscal and military needs, the Song government, in addition to intensifying its search and exploitation in the fields of taxation and banning monopolies, often purchased large quantities of goods from the private sector while the military needed grain and fodder was the bulk of the purchase. The phenomenon of the previous generation has already appeared, but the large-scale Song Song Dynasty market, the huge number of long time, it is unmatched by any of the previous dynasties. Many scholars of our country and Japan have done a lot of research on the issues such as “harmony” and “entering” in the Song dynasty, but they did not pay attention to distinguish the different transactions