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膀胱癌是泌尿系统中最常见的肿瘤之一,其中以移行上皮细胞癌为多,占90％～95％,而磷状细胞癌和腺癌则很少见。在临床上,根据癌浸润膀胱的程度不同而分为四期:第一期,癌限于粘膜;第二期,癌已侵入肌层;第三期,癌侵及膀胱周围;第四期,癌已侵入盆腔,伴远处转移。 根据膀胱癌的大小,浸润膀胱的程度也有所不同。常用的手术有:经尿道膀胱镜下电灼或电切术;膀胱部分切除术;膀胱全切除术。对晚期膀胱
Bladder cancer is one of the most common tumors in the urinary system, of which transitional cell carcinoma is predominant, accounting for 90% to 95%, while P-cell and adenocarcinoma are rare. Clinically, according to the degree of bladder cancer infiltration is divided into four different phases: the first phase, the cancer is limited to the mucosa; the second phase, the cancer has invaded the muscle layer; the third phase of cancer invasion and the bladder around the fourth phase of cancer Has invaded the pelvic cavity, with distant metastasis. According to the size of bladder cancer, the degree of infiltration of the bladder are also different. Commonly used surgeries are: transurethral cystoscopic electrosurgery or resection; partial resection of the bladder; total excision of the bladder. On the late bladder