ISM(institute for supply management,美国供应管理协会)成立于1915年,是世界上历史最悠久和最大的采购与供应链职业联合会,在世界上90多个国家和地区拥有大约5万会员。其提供的采购和供应链职业培训与认证,以及关于采购和供应链管理与趋势的报告(包括美国国家PMI报告和ISM商业报告),在美国和世界范围内非常有影响力。其中,ISM商业报告每6个月发表一次,每次都要抄送至美国总统办公室,被公认为美国经济发展的晴雨表。 Founded in 1915, ISM (Institute for Supply Management) is the oldest and largest professional procurement and supply chain consortium in the world with approximately 50,000 members in more than 90 countries around the world. Its procurement and supply chain vocational training and certification, as well as reports on sourcing and supply chain management and trends, including the National PMI Report and the ISM Business Report, are very influential in the United States and around the world. Among them, the ISM Business Report is published every six months and is copied each time to the U.S. President’s Office, which is widely regarded as a barometer of U.S. economic growth.