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目的:对孕妇进行个体化营养指导控制新生儿出生体重,并分析对围产儿结局的影响。方法:根据《中国居民膳食指南2007》,使用围产营养管理系统软件制定营养指导方案进行孕期个体化营养指导,分析孕前体重指数(BMI)、孕晚期BMI、孕期增重、新生儿体重、剖宫产率、产钳助产率、产后出血率。结果:①营养指导组晚孕期BMI、孕期增重低于对照组(P<0.05)。②营养指导组的新生儿出生体重低于对照组(P<0.05);营养指导组中新生儿出生体重2 500~3 500 g组比例高于对照组(P<0.01)。③营养指导组的剖宫产率、产钳助产率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。④新生儿出生体重2 500~3 500 g组剖宫产率、产钳助产率、产后出血率低于3 500~4 000 g组及≥4 000 g组(P<0.01)。结论:通过孕期个体化营养指导,将孕妇体重指数、孕期体重增加及新生儿出生体重控制在合理范围内,有助于降低剖宫产率,改善新生儿分娩结局。
OBJECTIVE: To guide the birth weight of pregnant women through personalized nutrition guidance and to analyze the effect on perinatal outcome. Methods: According to “Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents in 2007”, the nutrition guideline was developed using perinatal nutrition management system software to guide individualized nutrition during pregnancy. The body mass index (BMI), the third trimester of pregnancy (BMI), weight gain during pregnancy, Palace birth rate, forceps midwifery rate, postpartum hemorrhage rate. Results: (1) The BMI in pregnant group and the weight gain during pregnancy were lower than those in control group (P <0.05). (2) The birth weight of newborn babies in nutritional guidance group was lower than that of control group (P <0.05). The proportion of neonatal birth weight of 2 500-3 500 g in nutritional guidance group was higher than that in control group (P <0.01). ③ cesarean section rate of nutrition guidance group, forceps-assisted rate were lower than the control group (P <0.05). ④Newborns birth weight 2 500 ~ 3 500 g cesarean section rate, forceps delivery rate, postpartum hemorrhage rate was lower than 3 500 ~ 4 000 g group and ≥ 4 000 g group (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Through individualized nutritional guidance during pregnancy, the body mass index of pregnant women, pregnancy weight gain and newborn birth weight control within a reasonable range, contribute to reduce cesarean section rate and improve the delivery outcome of newborns.