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本文提出了一种组装单层聚苯乙烯(PS)胶粒晶体的方法。一定温度下,一定质量比乙醇和水(乙水比K)作为分散介质的悬浮液气-液界面处,可快速自组装出单层PS胶粒晶体。研究表明,悬浮液中的PS微球在对流的带动下到达气-液界面,在两个PS微球之间由弯液面产生的毛细管力推动下组装在一起,并形成组装核心。后续到达气-液界面的PS微球与组装核心持续组装,最终在悬浮液的气-液界面形成单层PS胶粒晶体。通过改变乙水比K,调整混合分散介质与到达气-液界面的PS微球之间的润湿性,进而改变组装推动力,最终实现单层PS晶体的组装。因此分散介质中的乙水比K是单层PS胶粒晶体形成的关键因素。PS微球的质量百分比浓度虽也可影响PS胶粒晶体薄膜的层数,但乙水比K<15∶1时,单纯降低浓度无法得到单层PS胶粒晶体。组装温度仅对晶体的质量产生影响。
This paper presents a method for assembling single-layer polystyrene (PS) colloidal crystals. A certain temperature, a certain mass ratio of ethanol and water (water ratio B) as the dispersion medium at the gas-liquid interface, the rapid self-assembly of single-layer PS colloidal crystals. The results show that the PS microspheres in the suspension reach the gas-liquid interface by the convection and are assembled by the capillary force generated by the meniscus between the two PS microspheres and form the assembly core. Subsequent PS-microspheres reaching the gas-liquid interface continue to assemble with the assembly core, eventually forming a monolayer of PS colloidal crystals at the gas-liquid interface of the suspension. By changing the ratio of water to water K, the wettability between the mixed dispersion medium and the PS microspheres reaching the gas-liquid interface was adjusted, and the assembly driving force was changed. Finally, the assembly of single-layer PS crystals was achieved. Therefore, the ratio of ethyl acetate to water in dispersion medium is the key factor for the formation of single-layer PS colloidal crystals. Although the mass percent concentration of PS microspheres can also affect the number of layers of PS colloidal crystal film, when the ratio of water to water is less than 15: 1, single colloidal PS colloidal crystals can not be obtained simply by reducing the concentration. The assembly temperature only affects the quality of the crystal.