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针对高速动车组制动盘在制动过程中因温度急剧上升,使制动盘受热膨胀产生热应力,最终出现热裂纹而导致制动盘失效的问题,根据热传导理论、弹性力学变分原理及热应力理论,分析制动盘在各界面上产生的热传导、对流和辐射换热以及受热膨胀产生的热应力。依据实际几何尺寸,建立制动盘的循环对称三维瞬态计算模型,考虑弹性模量、比热容、导热系数和线胀系数等材料参数随温度变化的影响,利用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS模拟制动盘的制动过程,分析计算制动盘温度与应力的分布,并通过试验得到验证。仿真结果表明:高速动车组在时速为200 km/h下紧急制动,制动后40 s制动盘最高温度达到416℃,制动后60 s最大应力达到651 MPa,所设计的制动盘满足强度许用应力要求。
Aiming at the problem that the brake disc of high-speed EMU has a sharp rise in temperature during braking, the brake disc is heated and expanded to generate thermal stress, which eventually leads to the failure of the brake disc due to the thermal cracking. According to the theory of heat transfer, The theory of thermal stress analyzes the heat conduction, convection and radiation heat transfer generated by the brake disc at each interface as well as the thermal stress caused by thermal expansion. According to the actual geometrical dimensions, a cyclic three-dimensional transient calculation model of the brake disc is established. Taking into account the influence of temperature on the material parameters such as elastic modulus, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and linear expansion coefficient, large-scale finite element analysis software ANSYS Disc brake process, analysis of brake disc temperature and stress distribution, and verified by the test. The simulation results show that the high-speed EMU can brake rapidly at a speed of 200 km / h, the maximum temperature of the brake disk after 40 s of braking reaches 416 ℃, and the maximum stress of 60 s after braking reaches 651 MPa. The designed brake disk Meet the requirements of strength and stress.