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目的探讨枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸暂停的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析我院2012年12月至2014年10月收治的60例胎龄28~32周呼吸暂停早产儿,按治疗方式不同分别纳入枸橼酸咖啡因组和氨茶碱组各30例。对比分析两组呼吸暂停治疗有效率,以及腹胀、心率增快、喂养不耐受、胃潴留、支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发生率。结果枸橼酸咖啡因组治疗有效21例(70.0%),氨茶碱组治疗有效20例(66.7%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。枸橼酸咖啡因组BPD、腹胀、心率增快、喂养不耐受、胃潴留发生率均低于氨茶碱组(16.7%比40.0%、13.3%比36.7%、6.7%比53.3%、10.0%比33.3%、16.7%比43.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸暂停临床效果与氨茶碱相似,但其不良反应发生率明显降低。
Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of citrate caffeine in the treatment of apnea in preterm infants. Methods A retrospective analysis of our hospital from December 2012 to October 2014 60 cases of gestational age 28 to 32 weeks of apnea preterm infants were treated by different ways were included citrate caffeine group and aminophylline group of 30 cases . Comparative analysis of two groups of apnea treatment efficiency, and bloating, heart rate, feeding intolerance, gastric retention, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) incidence. Results 21 cases (70.0%) were treated with citrate caffeine and 20 cases (66.7%) with aminophylline, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Citrate caffeine group BPD, abdominal distension, heart rate, feeding intolerance, gastric retention were lower than aminophylline group (16.7% vs 40.0%, 13.3% vs 36.7%, 6.7% vs 53.3%, 10.0 % Than 33.3%, 16.7% vs 43.3%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Citrate caffeine is effective in treating apnea in preterm infants with aminophylline, but its adverse reaction rate is significantly lower.