介绍了阻断细胞增殖信号、调节免疫反应等几种治疗癌症的新途径，以及这几种治疗途径临床实验的现状，并提出了目前分子水平癌症治疗中存在的问题。 Several new approaches to cancer treatment, such as blocking cell proliferation signals and regulating immune responses, are presented, as well as the current status of clinical trials for these therapeutic pathways, and the current problems in molecular-level cancer treatment are proposed.