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以武陵山区女儿寨小流域为研究区,在流域内进行高密度采样的基础上,利用EPIC模型中土壤可蚀性K值计算方法与地统计学分析方法计算并分析了流域土壤可蚀性K值及其空间变异,结合流域土地利用图,运用面积加权平均计算了各土地利用类型下的K值并进行比较,结果表明:流域K值变化范围为0.2451~0.4623,均值为0.3289,变异系数为0.1295,流域K值存在中等程度的空间变异。K值总体分布趋势为从流域海拔低处向海拔高处逐渐减小,受人为干扰较多的区域其K值也较高。各土地利用类型下的面积加权平均K值,以果园0.3769最大,油桐0.2607最小,植被类型下的K值均低于除耕地外受人为影响因素较大的地类,说明植被在不同程度上改善了土壤性质,提高了土壤的抗侵蚀能力,但K值的大小与植被类型的差异有关。
Taking the Dali small watershed of Wuling Mountain as a study area, based on the high-density sampling in the drainage basin, the soil erodibility K and the geostatistical analysis method were used to calculate and analyze the soil erodibility K Value and its spatial variation, combined with the land use map of watershed, using the area weighted average to calculate the K value of each land use type and compare, the results show that: the watershed K value range of 0.2451 ~ 0.4623, with an average of 0.3289, the coefficient of variation of 0.1295, there is a moderate degree of spatial variability in K value. The distribution of K value tends to decrease gradually from the lower part of the basin to the upper part of the altitude, and the K value is also higher in the area with more human disturbance. The area-weighted average K under each land use type is the highest in the orchard with 0.3769 and the lowest in the tree with 0.2607, and the K values under the vegetation types are all lower than those under the cultivated land, indicating that the vegetation is affected to varying degrees Soil properties were improved and soil erosion resistance was improved. However, the value of K was related to the difference in vegetation types.