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目的系统总结国内不同地区中小学生伤害发生情况、发生率及人次发生率,为伤害发生的预防与控制措施提供基础数据。方法采用系统综述的方法,根据研究问题制订检索策略,检索有关伤害发生率调查的研究文献,进行排除归纳后建立数据库并进行描述性分析。结果符合入选标准的文章共42篇,涉及伤害监测样本量259994人,其中发生伤害79995人和127978人次,伤害合计发生率按人数和人次数分别为30.77%和49.22%。中小学生伤害发生率差异无统计学意义(t= -1.752,P=0.110)。男、女生伤害发生率差异有统计学意义(t=5.998,P=0.000),男生高于女生。不同地区报告的伤害发生率差异无统计学意义(F=1.890,P=0.120)。不同报告类型的伤害发生率差异有统计学意义(X~2=20.077,P=0.003)。伤害发生率前3位依次为跌伤、运动致伤、交通车辆伤。结论对发表文献的系统综述表明,国内中小学生伤害发生以跌伤、运动致伤、交通车辆伤最高。
Objective To systematically summarize the incidence of injuries, the incidence and incidence of primary and secondary school students in different regions of China and provide basic data for the prevention and control of injuries. Methods A systematic review method was used to develop a search strategy based on the research questions. The research literature on the investigation of the incidence of injuries was retrieved and the databases were excluded and summarized for descriptive analysis. Results A total of 42 articles that met the inclusion criteria were involved. The number of injuries monitoring samples was 259,994, of which 79,995 and 127,978 were injured. The total incidence of injuries was 30.77% and 49.22%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of primary and secondary school injuries (t = -1.752, P = 0.110). There was significant difference in the incidence of injury between male and female students (t = 5.998, P = 0.000), boys were higher than girls. There was no significant difference in the incidence of injuries reported in different regions (F = 1.890, P = 0.120). There were significant differences in the incidence of injuries between different reporting types (X ~ 2 = 20.077, P = 0.003). The first three injuries were followed by falls, sports injuries and traffic injuries. Conclusions A systematic review of the published articles shows that primary and secondary school students in China suffered from injury injuries and sports injuries, resulting in the highest number of traffic injuries.