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目的研究发生产瘫的各种危险因素以便对其有效预防。方法根据文献相关报道选择可能与产瘫发生有关的因素设计成统一的患儿及孕妇健康调查表。内容包括:孕妇方面:孕前体重指数(孕前BMI)、有无妊娠糖尿病、分娩方式、有无肩难产。③新生儿方面:出生体重(是否巨大儿)、1minApgar评分和5minApgar评分、是否合并其他产伤、有无抢救史。结果分析发现孕前BMI过大(≥21)、巨大儿、产钳助产、肩难产是产瘫发生的危险因素。结论控制母亲孕前体重、降低巨大儿发生率、谨慎使用产钳、正确处理肩难产等都是预防产瘫的有效措施。
Objective To study the various risk factors for producing paralysis in order to effectively prevent it. Methods According to relevant literature reports, the factors that may be related to the occurrence of paralysis were designed into a unified questionnaire about the health of children and pregnant women. Content includes: Pregnant women: pre-pregnancy body mass index (pre-pregnancy BMI), with or without gestational diabetes, mode of delivery, with or without shoulder dystocia. ③ neonatal aspects: birth weight (whether giant children), 1minApgar score and 5minApgar score, whether combined with other birth injuries, with or without rescue history. Results analysis found that pre-pregnancy BMI is too large (≥ 21), giant children, forceps midwifery, shoulder dystocia is a risk factor for the occurrence of paralysis. Conclusion Controlling mother’s weight before pregnancy, reducing the incidence of macrosomia, prudent use of forceps and proper treatment of shoulder and dystocia are all effective measures to prevent PP.