苏联解体后,一种新的史学方法———历史研究中的文明方法迅速兴起。俄罗斯学者对文明方法在历史认识研究方法、研究对象和研究内容等方面的特点进行了广泛的探讨,并且围绕形态方法与文明方法的相互关系问题展开了热烈的讨论。大部分史学工作者认为,这两种史学方法各有优点和局限性,并非对立,而是互补,应该让两者并存。 After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, a new method of history --- the method of civilization in historical research rapidly emerged. The Russian scholar has extensively discussed the characteristics of the methods of civilizations, the objects of their studies and the contents of their studies, and has held heated discussions on the interrelationship between the methods of morphology and the methods of civilization. Most historians believe that these two historical methods each have their own advantages and limitations. They are not antagonistic but complementary, and they should be coexisted.