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大麻系桑科一年生草本植物,莖高1—3米,略呈五稜形。掌狀复叶,上部互生,下部对生,有長叶柄,五或七片小叶,細披針狀有鋸齿。夏季叶腋抽出花莖,花單性,雌雄異株。花莖和花蕊都具有特殊的臭味。雌蕊及绿萼入药謂之“麻黄”,成熟种子入药謂之“麻仁”。麻黄有痲醉、鎮靜、鎮痛、安撫神經、安眠、止抽搐、調經等效用,治子宫未复原之疼痛、卵巢痛、皮膚痒等,我国明代本草载:“曼陀罗花与麻黄等份,热酒调服三錢,少頃昏昏如醉,割瘡灸火不感其苦”。因此,它是一种价廉的麻醉药,有試用的价随。同时它也是重要的纤維作物和油料作物。目前我国江苏、浙江、及东北均有栽培;河南省主产区在信陽孏墓淌肌⑸毯拥认亍?其栽培方法如下。
Department of cannabis mulberry annual herb, stem high 1-3 meters, slightly pentagonal. Palmate compound leaves, upper alternate, lower opposite, with long petiole, five or seven leaflets, fine-lanceolate serrate. Summer leaf axillary extract stems, flowers unisexual, dioecious. Stems and stamens all have a special odor. Pistil and green calyx into medicine that “ephedra”, mature seeds into medicine that “hemp.” Ephedra has anesthesia, sedation, analgesic, soothe the nerves, sleep, stop twitching, menstruation and other effects, the treatment of uterine pain without recovery, ovarian pain, itchy skin, etc., China Ming Dynasty Materia Medica contains: "Datura flowers and ephedra equal parts, hot Wine transfer service three money, a little drowsy, sore culling moxibustion fire its bitter. So it is a cheap anesthetic with a trial price. It is also an important fiber crop and oilseed crop. At present, China’s Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and northeast have cultivated; Henan Province, the main producing areas in Xinyang tomb grave muscle muscle blanket ⑸ think? The cultivation method is as follows.