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呼吸道粘膜内存在多种分泌细胞,它们的分泌物不断地排入管腔内,共同构成了粘液物质。粘液物质具有多种功能。各种原因引起的粘液分泌紊乱,常常是呼吸系统疾病发生发展的诱因。深入开展对呼吸道粘液的生理、生化及病理学研究,对今后更好地防治呼吸系统疾病具有重要意义。本文拟就人类呼吸道粘液的理化性质、来源及其组化特点,影响其分泌的因素,生理作用及病理改变作一简要综述。【呼吸道粘液的理化性质】整个呼吸道覆盖着一层具有一定弹性和粘性的粘液物质,厚约2～5μm。正常人体每天约分泌10～100ml粘液物质。高速离心时,可将粘液物质分为凝胶相和溶胶相,前者位于呼吸道的最表层,厚约1～2μm;后者紧贴上皮层,纤毛位于其内且不停地摆动。受
Respiratory mucosa there are a variety of secreting cells, their secretions continue to discharge into the lumen, together constitute a mucus material. Mucus substances have many functions. Mucous secretion caused by a variety of disorders, often a cause of respiratory disease development. In-depth study of respiratory mucosal physiology, biochemistry and pathology, for the future better prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases is of great significance. In this paper, the physical and chemical properties of human respiratory mucus, its origin and its histochemical characteristics, the factors that affect its secretion, physiological effects and pathological changes made a brief review. [Physical and chemical properties of respiratory mucus] The entire respiratory tract covered with a layer of certain elasticity and viscosity of mucus material, about 2 ~ 5μm thick. Normal human body secretes about 10 ~ 100ml of mucus every day. High-speed centrifugation, the mucus can be divided into gel phase and sol phase, the former is located in the respiratory tract of the most surface layer, thickness of about 1 ~ 2μm; the latter close to the cortex, cilia located in it and kept swinging. By