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风积沙地层结构松散、级配不良、黏聚力低,几乎无自稳能力,地层压力主要表现为松散围岩压力,这些独特的特点给隧道的设计和施工带来了极大地困难。针对风积沙地层的物理特性,通过对国内外各种常用围岩压力计算理论的优缺点和适用条件的分析,结合现场围岩压力监测结果,总结了超浅埋、浅埋、深埋风积沙隧道的分界标准及相应的围岩压力计算公式,并就隧道在沙层荷载作用下拱部脱离区的范围及衬砌结构轴力、弯矩、偏心距的分布特征进行了详细分析。
The stratum of aeolian sand is loose in structure, with poor grading, low cohesion and almost no self-stability. The formation pressure is mainly characterized by loose surrounding rock pressure. These unique features have brought great difficulties to the design and construction of the tunnel. According to the physical characteristics of aeolian sand stratum, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of various commonly used theories of surrounding rock pressure calculation at home and abroad, and combining with the pressure monitoring results of surrounding rock, the paper summarizes the characteristics of ultra-shallow buried, shallow buried and deep buried wind Jisha tunnel demarcation standard and the corresponding formula of surrounding rock pressure are given. And the distribution characteristics of the tunnel arch under the sand load and the axial force, bending moment and eccentricity of the lining structure are analyzed in detail.