垂体腺瘤是人类颅内常见的良性肿瘤 ,随着分子生物学技术的应用 ,对其发病机理的研究和认识已上升到新的高度。本文从垂体腺瘤的单克隆发生、原癌基因激活、抑癌基因失活、细胞凋亡和细胞因子的作用等分子水平方面 ,概述目前垂体腺瘤发病机制的研究进展。 Pituitary adenoma is a common benign tumor in the human brain. With the application of molecular biology techniques, the research and understanding of its pathogenesis has risen to a new level. This article summarizes the current research progress in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas from the molecular level of monoclonal production, proto-oncogene activation, tumor suppressor gene inactivation, cell apoptosis, and cytokine effects in pituitary adenomas.