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研究会仙湿地非硬质化、半硬质化和硬质化沟渠中夏秋两季鱼类组成,评价沟渠硬质化对鱼类生物多样性影响。采用电捕法和人工抄网共采集鱼类标本1388尾,经鉴定为25种,隶属于5目10科22属。单因素方差分析(ANOVA)结果显示夏季非硬质化沟渠的鱼类Shannon-Wiener指数显著高于硬质化沟渠(P<0.05);秋季非硬质化沟渠及半硬质化沟渠的鱼类生物量显著高于硬质化沟渠(P<0.05);秋季半硬质化沟渠的鱼类个体数显著高于硬质化沟渠(P<0.05);夏季非硬质化沟渠的鱼类物种数显著高于硬质化沟渠(P<0.05),而秋季半硬质化沟渠的物种数显著高于硬质化沟渠(P<0.05)。鱼类群落多维排序图(NMDS)结果显示,夏秋两季鱼类群落结构基本能分开,且鱼类群落结构的相似性分析(ANOSIM)显示夏秋季之间的鱼类群落结构存在显著差异(P<0.05);鱼类群落NMDS排序与单因子相似性分析结果显示,夏季和秋季会仙湿地农田3类沟渠的鱼类群落结构均无显著差异(P>0.05)。
In this study, we will study the composition of fishes in non-hardened, semi-hardened and hardened ditches in summer and autumn, and evaluate the effects of ditches hardening on fish biodiversity. A total of 1388 fish specimens were collected by electrocapture and artificial dip net, which were identified as 25 species, belonging to 5 orders, 10 families and 22 genera. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the Shannon-Wiener index of summer non-hardened ditches was significantly higher than that of hardened ditches (P <0.05). In autumn, non-hardened ditches and semi-hardened ditches (P <0.05). The number of fish in semi-hardened ditches in autumn was significantly higher than that in hardened ditches (P <0.05). The number of fish species in non-hardened ditches in summer (P <0.05), while that of semi-hardened ditches in autumn was significantly higher than that of hardened ditches (P <0.05). The results of NMDS showed that the fish community structures were basically separated in summer and autumn, and the similarity analysis of fish community structures (ANOSIM) showed that there was a significant difference in fish community structure between summer and autumn (P <0.05). The results of NMDS ranking and single factor similarity analysis showed that there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in fish community structure of three types of ditches in the wetlands of Huixian in summer and autumn.