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目的:评价各种软组织增量技术在牙种植体周软硬组织稳定度等方面随访半年以上的临床效果。方法:计算机检索MEDLINE(Pub-Med)和Cochrane Library(1980-2013),手动检索部分重要英文期刊(2000-2013),并辅以文章追溯,建立该系统评价的纳入标准。由两位研究者主要进行文献筛选、数据提取和质量评价,并对合格文献进行综合描述或Meta分析。结果:初步筛选出文献325篇,纳入26篇。仅唇侧结缔组织移植恢复龈乳头外形、结缔组织移植恢复或保持KMW和腭侧带蒂瓣实现初期创口封闭的相关研究中测量方法和测量指标统一。对此三组数据分析的结果显示,该三种方法均有利软硬组织稳定。结论:现有各种手术方法均能不同程度扩增或维持软/硬组织水平。但是,由于手术方法、测量方法、测量指标不统一,同时受到纳入数量、研究质量的限制,本研究论证强度有待提高,其结果有待大量规范随机对照研究予以论证。讨论:纳入文献以手术目的分组,有利于各技术的比较,便于医生根据问题选择方案。然而,同一技术高质量文献极少,且测量方法多样,测量指标不全面,不利于统计。统一规范的软组织研究方法和测量标准是需要尽快解决的问题。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect of all kinds of soft tissue incremental techniques in follow-up of more than half a year on the stability of soft and hard dental implants. METHODS: MEDLINE (Pub-Med) and Cochrane Library (1980-2013) were searched by computer. Some important English journals (2000-2013) were manually searched, and the articles were traced back to establish the inclusion criteria of this systematic review. Two researchers mainly conducted literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation, and conducted a comprehensive description or meta-analysis of qualified documents. Results: 325 articles were initially screened and 26 articles were included. Only the labial connective tissue transplantation to restore the papilla shape, connective tissue transplantation to restore or maintain the KMW and the palatine pedicle flap to achieve the initial closure of the wounds of the relevant measurement methods and measurement of indicators of unity. The three groups of data analysis results show that the three methods are conducive to the stability of soft and hard tissue. Conclusion: There are various surgical methods to expand or maintain the level of soft / hard tissue to some extent. However, due to surgical methods, measurement methods, measurement indicators are not unified, and included limited quantity, quality of research, the study demonstrated the strength needs to be improved, a large number of standardized randomized controlled study results need to be demonstrated. Discussion: The inclusion of documents grouped for surgical purposes facilitates comparison of techniques and allows physicians to choose the protocol based on the problem. However, the same technology with very few high-quality literature, and the measurement method is diverse, the measurement index is not comprehensive, is not conducive to statistics. Uniform norms of soft tissue research methods and measurement standards are problems that need to be solved as soon as possible.