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针对纤维材料变温环境力学性能测试的需要,在华中科技大学研制的纤维材料试验机的基础上引入了温控装置,从而实现纤维材料在高低温环境下的力学性能测试。采用该装置对不同直径微米铜丝在不同温度、不同拉伸速率条件下的力学性能开展实验研究,测试结果表明弹性模量和抗拉强度随温度的降低而线性增加,屈服强度的变化不太明显。另外,低温环境下微米铜丝的力学性能表现出与其直径相关的尺度效应,而这一现象在常温下一直没有观测到。最后,还研究了拉伸速率对微米铜丝的力学性能影响,结果表明,在现有装置的许用范围之内,拉伸速率对其力学性能的影响不大。
In order to meet the need of testing the mechanical properties of fiber materials under varying temperature environment, a temperature control device was introduced on the basis of the fiber material testing machine developed by Huazhong University of Science and Technology to test the mechanical properties of fiber materials in high and low temperature environments. The mechanical properties of copper wire with different diameters and different diameters under different temperature and different tensile rates are experimentally studied. The test results show that the elastic modulus and tensile strength increase linearly with decreasing temperature, and the change of yield strength is not so good obvious. In addition, the mechanical properties of the copper wire at low temperatures exhibit a scale-dependent effect on the diameter of the copper wire, and this phenomenon has not been observed at ambient temperature. Finally, the effect of tensile rate on the mechanical properties of copper wire was also studied. The results show that within the allowable range of the existing equipment, the tensile rate has little effect on the mechanical properties.