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目的探讨高功率微波(high power microwave,HPM)辐射后大鼠不同脑区低氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia in-ducible factor-1 alpha,HIF-1α)的改变及其意义。方法60只Wistar雄性大鼠于0,30和100mW/cm2HPM辐射后6h,1,3和7d时活杀取大脑皮层和海马,采用苏木素-伊红染色观察形态改变,采用免疫组织化学、原位杂交和图像分析等技术检测大鼠不同脑区HIF-1α蛋白和mRNA表达改变。结果对照组大鼠皮层和海马毛细血管形态规则,未见毛细血管间隙增宽;30和100m Wcm2组大鼠皮层和海马脑辐射后6h～1d毛细血管周隙增宽,3d达高峰,7d后恢复;对照组HIF-1α蛋白于皮层和海马神经细胞呈弱阳性,30和100m Wcm2组皮层和海马神经元和胶质细胞核HIF-1α于辐射后6h～1d呈阳性,其后呈弱阳性;HIF-1α mRNA改变规律与其蛋白变化相同。结论脑内神经元的损伤和修复过程中HIF-1α表达增加,参与了毛细血管通透性升高的过程。
Objective To investigate the changes of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in different brain regions after high power microwave (HPM) radiation and its significance. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were sacrificed at 6, 1, 3 and 7 days after radiation at 0, 30 and 100 mW / cm2 HPM. Cerebral cortex and hippocampus were killed. The morphological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemistry, Hybridization and image analysis techniques were used to detect the expression of HIF-1αprotein and mRNA in different brain regions of rats. Results The morphology of capillaries and hippocampal capillaries of rats in control group were broadened. There was no capillary gap widened in the control group. Capillary perivascular space widened at 6h ~ 1d in 30 and 100m Wcm2 group and peaked at 3d, and after 7d HIF-1α protein in cortex and hippocampus was weakly positive in control group. HIF-1α in cortex and hippocampus neurons and glial cells in 30 and 100m Wcm2 group were positive at 6h ~ HIF-1α mRNA changes the same with its protein changes. Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α is increased during the injury and repair of neurons in brain, which is involved in the process of capillary permeability increase.