目的分析一起导致一名成年人不明原因肺炎的病毒性病原体,确立病原微生物载体与病人之间的相关性,为临床防治提供实验室依据。方法将采集到的呼吸道标本采用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)检测流感病毒、冠状病毒、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、人偏肺病毒、人博卡病毒、人腺病毒和鼻病毒核酸,对检测结果为腺病毒阳性的核酸进一步采用腺病毒特异性引物通过PCR进行Hexon,Fiber和E1A区基因特异性扩增,产物进行核苷酸序列测定和比对分析并构建遗传进化树。结果 1份咽拭子和1份支气管灌洗液核酸经Real-time PCR检测均呈腺病毒阳性,扩增病毒基因序列经测序分析与人腺病毒14型同源性最高。结论此起成年人不明原因肺炎是由人腺病毒14型感染所致。 Objective To analyze the viral pathogens that cause an unknown pneumonia in adults and to establish the correlation between pathogenic microorganism carriers and patients so as to provide laboratory evidence for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods Real-time PCR was used to detect respiratory viruses, coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, human Boka, human adenovirus and rhinovirus Nucleic acids were further tested for adenovirus-positive nucleic acids. Adenovirus-specific primers were further used to amplify the Hexon, Fiber and E1A regions by PCR. The products were sequenced and aligned and the phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results The nucleic acid of 1 throat swab and 1 bronchial lavage fluid was positive for adenovirus by real-time PCR. The sequence of the amplified virus was sequenced and the homology with human adenovirus 14 was the highest. Conclusion This is an unknown cause of pneumonia in adults caused by human adenovirus type 14 infection.