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目的分析福建省儿童流行性乙型脑炎发病的影响因素,为乙脑控制策略提供依据。方法选择2011~2013年福建省实验室确诊乙脑病例50例,年龄在15岁以下的儿童病例45例,采用自行设计的乙脑流行病学调查表,就调查对象的家庭经济收入情况、室内卫生状况、室外环境卫生状况、室内蚊密度、养猪情况、乙脑疫苗接种情况、防蚊灭蚊措施、蚊虫叮咬史、监护人乙脑防治知识了解情况进行分析。结果取累计贡献率89.07%(≈90%)分析,与发病有关的主因素共7项,按贡献率为蚊虫叮咬史(2.15%),其次是乙脑疫苗接种情况(14.74%),室内蚊密度(13.22%),养猪情况(10.33%),防蚊灭蚊措施(9.14%),室外环境卫生状况(8.06%),室内卫生状况(6.43%)。结论蚊虫叮咬史、乙脑疫苗接种情况、室内蚊密度、养猪情况、防蚊灭蚊措施、室内卫生状况、室外环境卫生状况是福建省儿童乙脑发病的影响因素。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis in children in Fujian Province and provide the basis for the control strategy of Japanese encephalitis. Methods Forty-five cases of JE cases diagnosed in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2013 and 45 cases under the age of 15 years were selected. Using the self-designed JE epidemiology questionnaire, the household incomes, Health conditions, outdoor environmental health status, indoor mosquito density, pig breeding, JE vaccination, anti-mosquito measures, history of mosquito bites, guardian of JE prevention and treatment knowledge to understand the situation for analysis. Results The cumulative contribution rate was 89.07% (≈90%). There were 7 main factors related to the incidence, the contribution rate was 2.15% for mosquito bites, followed by JE vaccination (14.74%), indoor mosquito (13.22%), pig raising (10.33%), mosquito control measures (9.14%), outdoor sanitation (8.06%) and indoor sanitation (6.43%). Conclusion The history of mosquito bites, JE vaccination, indoor mosquito density, pig raising, anti-mosquito and mosquito control measures, indoor sanitation status and outdoor sanitation status are the influencing factors in children with JE in Fujian Province.