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本文利用美国外交文件、中国平叛档案、回忆录等史料,阐明了1952年到1961年西藏叛乱前后美国对藏政策的变化,揭示了政策的制定与具体实施情况,探讨了美国的全球战略、美国与印度、英法和台湾国民党政府的关系对其制定对藏政策的影响。文章在整体分析了这段时期的美国对藏政策之后认为,美国对藏政策基本原则是:只有中国陷入长期分裂,才能视西藏为独立,否则美国只能采取有限暗中援助西藏的办法,不公开否认中国对藏主权。这也是美国插手西藏的最终限制。
Based on the historical data such as the US diplomatic files, China’s counterinsurgency archives and memoirs, the article expounds the changes in the U.S. policy towards Tibet before and after the Tibetan rebellion in 1952, reveals the formulation and implementation of the policy, discusses the U.S. global strategy, Influences on the Tibetan Policy on the Relationship with India, Britain, France and Taiwan Kuomintang Government. After analyzing the U.S. policy on Tibet in this period as a whole, the article believes that the basic principle of the U.S. policy on Tibet is that only when China is caught in a long-term split can Tibet be regarded as independent. Otherwise, the United States will only adopt a limited and secret assistance to Tibet and will not disclose it Denied China’s sovereignty over Tibet. This is also the ultimate limit on the U.S. involvement in Tibet.