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目的了解甘肃、青海、山西和新疆农村地区已婚男子社会性别意识的认知程度及其对妻子生殖健康的影响。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,于2010年对甘肃、青海、山西和新疆4省2 073名已婚男子的社会性别意识及其妻子的生殖健康状况进行面对面问卷调查。结果 24.6%的男性社会性别意识认知较差,46.3%处于中等水平,29.1%认知较好;2 073名妻子中,患过妇科病者占21.6%,患过≥3种妇科病者占3.3%,孕期做过≥5次产前检查者占30.7%,孕早期进行首次产检者占36.2%,孕期增加营养者占50.5%,住院分娩者占67.9%,丈夫社会性别意识认知水平对妻子上述6种生殖健康状况均有影响(P<0.01);省份、家庭年收入、文化程度和年龄对丈夫社会性别意识认知得分的影响差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论农村地区已婚男子社会性别意识较差,对妻子生殖健康状况有明显影响。
Objective To understand the cognition of the gender awareness of married men in rural areas of Gansu, Qinghai, Shanxi and Xinjiang and their effects on the reproductive health of their wives. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey on the gender awareness and reproductive health status of 2 073 married men in 4 provinces of Gansu, Qinghai, Shanxi and Xinjiang in 2010. Results A total of 24.6% of men had poor awareness of gender awareness, 46.3% were at medium level and 29.1% were well-known. Among 2 073 wives, 21.6% had gynecological diseases and 3 were women with gynecological diseases 3.3%, prenatal care ≥ 5 times during pregnancy accounted for 30.7% of the first trimester of pregnancy was 36.2%, nutrition increased during pregnancy accounted for 50.5%, hospital delivery accounted for 67.9%, husband gender awareness of gender awareness (P <0.01). The effects of provincial, family’s annual income, education level and age on husband’s gender awareness cognition scores were all statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Married men in rural areas have less gender awareness and have a significant impact on their reproductive health.