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目的了解和掌握肇庆市当前企业职业健康监护的基本情况和防治现状,找出存在的问题并提出对策。方法收集2011年全年本中心实施职业健康监护的全市68家企业的基本情况和职业病危害申报、职业病危害因素检测和职业健康检查等资料,建立职业健康监护数据库并进行统计分析。结果 68家企业中只有60家每年对生产环境中的有毒有害因素进行监测,监测率为88.2%;职业健康检查受检率为83.0%,其中私营企业员工受检率低于国有/集体企业、有限责任公司、外资企业、合资企业和内资企业,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);84.1%劳动者在岗期间职业健康检查费用由企业承担,上岗前和离岗职业健康检查费用劳动者支付或者部分支付分别占69.1%和47.2%,均未建立社会保险基金支付职业健康检查费用模式;76.5%企业建立职业健康监护档案。至2011年12月本市取得职业健康监护资质的医疗机构只有3家,覆盖率为33.3%。结论本市职业健康监护管理工作仍存在不足,应采取有效措施,促进职业健康监护工作持续发展。
Objective To understand and grasp the current situation of enterprise occupational health monitoring in Zhaoqing City and to find out the existing problems and propose countermeasures. Methods The data of occupational hazards, occupational hazards, occupational hazards and occupational health examination were collected from 68 enterprises in the city for occupational health monitoring in 2011, and the database of occupational health monitoring was established and statistically analyzed. Results Only 60 out of 68 enterprises monitored the toxic and harmful factors in the production environment annually, with a monitoring rate of 88.2%. The occupancy rate of occupational health examination was 83.0%, of which the inspection rate of employees in private enterprises was lower than that of state-owned / collective enterprises, Limited liability companies, foreign-funded enterprises, joint ventures and domestic-funded enterprises, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.001); 84.1% of workers during occupational health examination costs borne by the enterprise, pre-appointment and departure occupational health examination costs Laborers Payments or partial payments accounted for 69.1% and 47.2%, respectively, and no social insurance fund was set up to pay for occupational health examination fees; 76.5% of enterprises established occupational health monitoring files. As of December 2011, there were only 3 medical institutions that obtained occupational health guardianship qualification in the city, with a coverage rate of 33.3%. Conclusion There are still some shortcomings in occupational health monitoring and management in this Municipality. Effective measures should be taken to promote the continuous development of occupational health monitoring.